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Urticaria is a skin rash notable for pale red, raised, itchy wheals, or
bumps. It is usually caused by allergic reactions; however, there are many
non-allergic causes. Many people think viral urticaria or urticaria
virus is a specific disease, but it is not. However, some viral infections,
such as an acute viral infection can cause acute urticaria. It is more closely
linked to hepatitis, especially hepatitis B and C, which can occasionally induce
urticarial vasculitis or
hypocomplementemic urticarial vasculitis, but this is probably related more
to vasculitis than to true urticaria or
viral
urticaria.
Most cases of urticaria have an unknown cause, while others are due to an
autoimmune disorder. There is a small number of urticaria cases that are caused
by other factors, which include friction, pressure, temperature extremes,
exercise, and sunlight.
Hepatitis has a close relationship with urticaria due to different viral
infections. Acute urticaria is frequently observed in the prodromic stage of
hepatitis A as well as hepatitis B and sometimes in hepatitis C. Urticaria is
considered one of the pre-icteric symptoms of viral hepatitis and is related to
immune-complex deposits. Therefore, urticaria can also be associated with other
common disorders, such as arthritis and headache. However, there are many
patients with viral hepatitis who do not show any signs of acute or any other
form or urticaria.
The case with chronic urticaria is different and quite confusing. There is no
convincing evidence in which the hepatitis virus causes chronic urticaria. A
recent controlled study has revealed that there is no link between chronic
urticaria and hepatitis C. In the case of hepatitis B, not much data is
available and there is still a need for research to be carried out. Systematic
hepatitis virus investigations in patients suffering from chronic urticaria are
usually quite expensive. Hepatitis B or C can occasionally induce urticarial
vasculitis, but this is probably related more to vasculitis than to true
urticaria.
P.S. (from
Dr. Gary M. Levin, M.D. & Surgeon)
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